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Abowitz, D A and Toole, T M (2010) Mixed Method Research: Fundamental Issues of Design, Validity, and Reliability in Construction Research. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(01), 108–16.

  • Type: Journal Article
  • Keywords: Research; Methodology; Measurement; Data analysis; Construction management; Research methods; Mixed methods; Social science; Concept measurement; Data analysis;
  • ISBN/ISSN: 0733-9364
  • URL: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000026
  • Abstract:
    The fact that people play key roles in nearly all aspects of construction suggests that effective construction research requires proper application of social science research methods. This is particularly true for researchers studying topics that involve human actions or behavior in construction processes, such as leadership, innovation, and planning. In social science research, no single method of data collection (survey, experiment, participant observation, or unobtrusive research) is ideal. Each method has inherent strengths and weaknesses. Careful attention to the methodological ABCs of the design process, as discussed here, can enhance the validity and reliability of a given study. Combining quantitative and qualitative approaches in research design and data collection, however, should be considered whenever possible. Such mixed-methods research is more expensive than a single method approach, in terms of time, money, and energy, but improves the validity and reliability of the resulting data and strengthens causal inferences by providing the opportunity to observe data convergence or divergence in hypothesis testing.

Azhar, S, Ahmad, I and Sein, M K (2010) Action Research as a Proactive Research Method for Construction Engineering and Management. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(01), 87–98.

Bernold, L E and Lee, T S (2010) Experimental Research in Construction. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(01), 26–35.

Flood, I and Issa, R R A (2010) Empirical Modeling Methodologies for Construction. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(01), 36–48.

Gibson, G E and Whittington, D A (2010) Charrettes as a Method for Engaging Industry in Best Practices Research. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(01), 66–75.

Green, S D, Kao, C and Larsen, G D (2010) Contextualist Research: Iterating between Methods While Following an Empirically Grounded Approach. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(01), 117–26.

Hallowell, M R and Gambatese, J A (2010) Qualitative Research: Application of the Delphi Method to CEM Research. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(01), 99–107.

Kandil, A, El-Rayes, K and El-Anwar, O (2010) Optimization Research: Enhancing the Robustness of Large-Scale Multiobjective Optimization in Construction. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(01), 17–25.

Leicht, R M, Hunter, S T, Saluja, C and Messner, J I (2010) Implementing Observational Research Methods to Study Team Performance in Construction Management. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(01), 76–86.

Lucko, G and Mitchell, Z W (2010) Quantitative Research: Preparation of Incongruous Economic Data Sets for Archival Data Analysis. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(01), 49–57.

Lucko, G and Rojas, E M (2010) Research Validation: Challenges and Opportunities in the Construction Domain. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(01), 127–35.

Martinez, J C (2010) Methodology for Conducting Discrete-Event Simulation Studies in Construction Engineering and Management. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(01), 3–16.

Phelps, A F and Horman, M J (2010) Ethnographic Theory-Building Research in Construction. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(01), 58–65.